The Simple Sabotage Field Manual is a document written by the Office of Strategic Services in 1944. The manual was declassified by the Central Intelligence Agency in 2008. The manual was distributed to OSS officers in foreign countries in order to help them train "citizen-saboteurs" in German-occupied Europe. The Office of Strategic Services (OSS) was the first independent U.S. intelligence agency, established in June 1942 during World War II, to conduct espionage, sabotage, and sabotage behind enemy lines. Led by William J. "Wild Bill" Donovan under the Joint Chiefs of Staff, it was the precursor to the CIA and U.S. Special Forces.